Bitter orange / synephrine

psilodex.org/m/bitter-orange-synephrine · data v2026.10.02

Clinical contraindication: None listed; No clinical contraindication identified.
Best available evidence: Mechanism only
Half-life: Not recorded

Named in state rules?

CONot named

ORNot named

NMPending

Cite asPsilodex: bitter-orange-synephrine · v2026.10.02

Clinical data and state rules are separate facts. Both are shown; neither is a decision.

01 Interaction with psilocybin

Contains p-synephrine, structurally related to ephedrine. A single 54 mg synephrine dose raised heart rate and blood pressure in one study; other studies conflict. Often combined with caffeine. Effects could add to psilocybin's transient rise in blood pressure and heart rate.

Human data with psilocybin: None known: no published human data with psilocybin

Evidence types on this record

ThMechanism only (theoretical)

02 Pharmacology relevant to psilocybin

1 listed · counted on reports

Raises blood pressure or heart rate: Raises blood pressure or heart rate. Psilocybin raises both for several hours, so the effects can add. Sources [1][2]

03 State rules

Plain-language summary · official text governs

CO4 CCR 755-1

Not named

No provision names this medication or its class.

Colorado · checked 2026-09-30

OROAR 333-333

Not named

No provision names this medication or its class.

Oregon · checked 2026-09-30

NM7.35.3 NMAC (proposed)

Pending

New Mexico's clinical rules (proposed 7.35.3 NMAC) are not final. No provision naming this medication has been found.

New Mexico · checked 2026-10-02

04 Conditions to ask about

None linked

No condition named in state rules is linked to this medication.

05 Sources

NIH Office of Dietary Supplements fact sheet (per-entry link) — synephrine raised HR and BP
NIH National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health fact sheet (per-entry link)

Record history

v2026.10.02First published.
2026-10-02Last reviewed against its sources.

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