Sources
Where every line comes from.
Every record and every flag cites a public source. State rules link to the official text and show when they were last checked.
86Sources
73Papers
4Textbooks
3State rules
01 State rulesOfficial text governs
COFinal · checked 2026-09-30
Colorado Natural Medicine (Office of Natural Medicine).
4 CCR 755-1.
Applies to every participant regardless of medication: 2.2(A)(4), 6.15(C)(2)(c)(2), 6.16(F)(1), 6.17(C).
ORFinal · checked 2026-09-30
Oregon Psilocybin Services (Oregon Health Authority).
OAR 333-333-5050 and the Client Information Form.
Applies to every participant regardless of medication: 333-333-5050(3)(b), 333-333-5050(3)(d).
NMPending · checked 2026-09-30
New Mexico Medical Psilocybin Program (Department of Health).
Proposed 7.35.3 NMAC.
02 Product labels
372Records linked to an FDA label
US prescribing information or OTC Drug Facts, via DailyMed. Each record links its own label; flags and half-lives are checked against the label text.
13Records using non-US product information
For medications not sold in the US: the EU Summary of Product Characteristics or equivalent, linked per record.
03 Reference booksCited by page
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| Brunton LL, Knollmann BC (eds). Goodman & Gilman’s The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 14th ed. McGraw Hill, 2023. ISBN 978-1-264-25807-9 | Cited in 16 |
| Taylor DM, Barnes TRE, Young AH. The Maudsley Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry, 15th ed. Wiley, 2025. ISBN 978-1-394-23876-7 | Cited in 5 |
| Bazire S. Psychotropic Drug Directory 2018. Lloyd-Reinhold Publications, 2018. ISBN 978-0-9569156-4-1 | Cited in 5 |
04 Government and databases
| NIH National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health fact sheet (per-entry link) | Cited in 16 |
| FDA. Certain bulk drug substances for use in compounding that may present significant safety risks (updated 2026-04-22). | Cited in 11 |
| National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), NIH. Research-topic pages (per-entry link). | Cited in 9 |
| US Drug Enforcement Administration. Drug Fact Sheets (per-entry link). | Cited in 7 |
| US FDA consumer or public-health page (per-entry link) | Cited in 6 |
| NIH Office of Dietary Supplements fact sheet (per-entry link) | Cited in 3 |
| NIMH Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (PDSP) Ki Database, University of North Carolina. Roth BL et al. (per-entry query link; primary references in note) | Cited in 7 |
05 Papers73 · most cited first
| Halman A, Kong G, Sarris J, Perkins D. Drug–drug interactions involving classic psychedelics: a systematic review. J Psychopharmacol 2024;38(1):3–18. doi:10.1177/02698811231211219 | Cited in 126 |
| Sarparast A, Thomas K, Malcolm B, Stauffer CS. Drug-drug interactions between psychiatric medications and MDMA or psilocybin: a systematic review. Psychopharmacology 2022;239(6):1945–1976. doi:10.1007/s00213-022-06083-y | Cited in 84 |
| Vollenweider FX, Vollenweider-Scherpenhuyzen MFI, Bäbler A, Vogel H, Hell D. Psilocybin induces schizophrenia-like psychosis in humans via a serotonin-2 agonist action. NeuroReport 1998;9:3897–3902. doi:10.1097/00001756-199812010-00024 | Cited in 34 |
| Tap SC, Thomas K, Páleníček T, et al. Concomitant use of antidepressants and classic psychedelics: a scoping review. J Psychopharmacol 2025. doi:10.1177/02698811251368360 | Cited in 14 |
| Goodwin GM, Croal M, Feifel D, et al. Psilocybin for treatment resistant depression in patients taking a concomitant SSRI medication. Neuropsychopharmacology 2023;48(10):1492–1499. doi:10.1038/s41386-023-01648-7 | Cited in 14 |
| Gukasyan N, Griffiths RR, Yaden DB, et al. Attenuation of psilocybin mushroom effects during and after SSRI/SNRI antidepressant use. J Psychopharmacol 2023;37:707–716. doi:10.1177/02698811231179910 | Cited in 9 |
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| Thomann J, Kolaczynska KE, Stoeckmann OV, et al. In vitro and in vivo metabolism of psilocybin’s active metabolite psilocin. Front Pharmacol 2024;15:1391689. doi:10.3389/fphar.2024.1391689 | Cited in 4 |
| Bonson KR, Buckholtz JW, Murphy DL. Chronic administration of serotonergic antidepressants attenuates the subjective effects of LSD in humans. Neuropsychopharmacology 1996;14:425–436. doi:10.1016/0893-133X(95)00145-4 | Cited in 4 |
| AJMC. FDA panel backs 6 peptides for compounding (PCAC, July 2026). link | Cited in 4 |
| Barnett BS, Koons CJ, Van den Eynde V, et al. Hypertensive emergency secondary to combining psilocybin mushrooms, extended release dextroamphetamine-amphetamine, and tranylcypromine. J Psychoactive Drugs 2024;57(3):297–303. doi:10.1080/02791072.2024.2368617 | Cited in 3 |
| Isbell H, Wolbach AB, Wikler A, Miner EJ. Cross tolerance between LSD and psilocybin. Psychopharmacologia 1961;2:147–159. doi:10.1007/BF00407974 | Cited in 3 |
| Nayak SM, Gukasyan N, Barrett FS, et al. Classic psychedelic coadministration with lithium, but not lamotrigine, is associated with seizures. Pharmacopsychiatry 2021. doi:10.1055/a-1524-2794 | Cited in 2 |
| Vojtěchovský M, Hort V, Šafratová V. Influence of MAO inhibitors on psilocybine induced psychosis. Activitas Nervosa Superior 1968;10(3):278–279 (via Tap 2025). | Cited in 2 |
| Singhani V, et al. Gastrointestinal adverse effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists and dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonists: a narrative expert review. Nutr Clin Pract 2026;41(5):1318–1333. doi:10.1002/ncp.70180 | Cited in 2 |
| Becker AM, Holze F, Grandinetti T, et al. Acute effects of psilocybin after escitalopram or placebo pretreatment. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2022;111(4):886–895. doi:10.1002/cpt.2487 | Cited in 1 |
| Manevski N, Kurkela M, Höglund C, et al. Glucuronidation of psilocin and 4-hydroxyindole by the human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. Drug Metab Dispos 2010;38(3):386–395. doi:10.1124/dmd.109.031138 | Cited in 1 |
| Pokorny T, Preller KH, Kraehenmann R, Vollenweider FX. Modulatory effect of the 5-HT1A agonist buspirone and the mixed non-hallucinogenic 5-HT1A/2A agonist ergotamine on psilocybin-induced psychedelic experience. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2016;26:756–766. doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.01.005 | Cited in 1 |
| Keeler MH. Chlorpromazine antagonism of psilocybin effect. Int J Neuropsychiatry 1967;3:66–71. | Cited in 1 |
| Resnick O, Krus DM, Raskin M. LSD-25 action in normal subjects treated with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. Life Sci 1964;3:1207–1214. | Cited in 1 |
| Rosenblat JD, et al. Antidepressant effects of psilocybin in the absence of psychedelic effects. Am J Psychiatry 2023 (letter). doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.20220835 | Cited in 1 |
| Ochi T, Sakamoto M, Minamida A, et al. Syntheses and properties of the major hydroxy metabolites in humans of blonanserin AD-5423. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005;15:1055. doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.12.028 | Cited in 1 |
| Volak LP, Ghirmai S, Cashman JR, Court MH. Curcuminoids inhibit multiple human cytochromes P450, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, and sulfotransferase enzymes, whereas piperine is a relatively selective CYP3A4 inhibitor. Drug Metab Dispos 2008;36(8):1594–1605. doi:10.1124/dmd.108.020552 | Cited in 1 |
| Knuijver T, Schellekens A, Belgers M, et al. Safety of ibogaine administration in detoxification of opioid-dependent individuals: a descriptive open-label observational study. Addiction 2022;117(1):118–128. doi:10.1111/add.15448 | Cited in 1 |
| Koenig X, Hilber K. The anti-addiction drug ibogaine and the heart: a delicate relation. Molecules 2015;20(2):2208–2228. doi:10.3390/molecules20022208 | Cited in 1 |
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| Jastreboff AM, et al. Triple-hormone-receptor agonist retatrutide for obesity: a phase 2 trial. N Engl J Med 2023;389(6):514–526. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2301972 | Cited in 1 |
| Coskun T, et al. LY3437943, a novel triple glucagon, GIP, and GLP-1 receptor agonist. Cell Metab 2022;34(9):1234–1247. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2022.07.013 | Cited in 1 |
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| Harvey AL, Young LC, Viljoen AM, Gericke NP. Pharmacological actions of the South African medicinal and functional food plant Sceletium tortuosum and its principal alkaloids. J Ethnopharmacol 2011;137(3):1124-9. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2011.07.035 | Cited in 1 |
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| Moss MJ, Hendrickson RG. Toxicity of muscimol and ibotenic acid containing mushrooms reported to a regional poison control center from 2002-2016. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2019;57(2):99-103. doi:10.1080/15563650.2018.1497169 | Cited in 1 |
| Correia MS, Gonzaga MJ, Temple C, Gerona RR. Quantitative analysis of recreational psychoactive mushroom gummies in Portland, Oregon. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2025;63(4):261-266. doi:10.1080/15563650.2025.2450240 | Cited in 1 |
| Penzak SR, Bulloch M. Phenibut: review and pharmacologic approaches to treating withdrawal. J Clin Pharmacol 2024;64(6):652-671. doi:10.1002/jcph.2414 | Cited in 1 |
| Jouney EA. Phenibut (beta-phenyl-gamma-aminobutyric acid): an easily obtainable 'dietary supplement' with propensities for physical dependence and addiction. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2019;21(4):23. doi:10.1007/s11920-019-1009-0 | Cited in 1 |
| Martin R, Buffenstein I, Cho D, Kiyokawa M. Toxidrome of an easily obtainable nootropic: a case report of phenibut intoxication and withdrawal delirium. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2023;43(6):507-510. doi:10.1097/JCP.0000000000001759 | Cited in 1 |
| Cilia R, Laguna J, Cassani E, et al. Mucuna pruriens in Parkinson disease: a double-blind, randomized, controlled, crossover study. Neurology 2017;89(5):432-438. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000004175 | Cited in 1 |
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| Avula B, Wang YH, Rumalla CS, Smillie TJ, Khan IA. Simultaneous determination of alkaloids and flavonoids from aerial parts of Passiflora species and dietary supplements using UPLC-UV-MS and HPTLC. Nat Prod Commun 2012;7(9):1177-80. link | Cited in 1 |
| Fisher AA, Purcell P, Le Couteur DG. Toxicity of Passiflora incarnata L. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 2000;38(1):63-6. doi:10.1081/clt-100100919 | Cited in 1 |
| Poklis JL, Mulder HA, Halquist MS, et al. The blue lotus flower (Nymphea caerulea) resin used in a new type of electronic cigarette, the re-buildable dripping atomizer. J Psychoactive Drugs 2017;49(3):175-181. doi:10.1080/02791072.2017.1290304 | Cited in 1 |
| Schimpf M, Ulmer T, Hiller H, Barbuto AF. Toxicity from blue lotus (Nymphaea caerulea) after ingestion or inhalation: a case series. Mil Med 2023;188(7-8):usab328. doi:10.1093/milmed/usab328 | Cited in 1 |
| Dosoky NS, Shah SA, Dawson JT, et al. Chemical composition, market survey, and safety assessment of blue lotus (Nymphaea caerulea Savigny) extracts. Molecules 2023;28(20):7014. doi:10.3390/molecules28207014 | Cited in 1 |
| Schifano F, Catalani V, Sharif S, et al. Benefits and harms of 'smart drugs' (nootropics) in healthy individuals. Drugs 2022;82(6):633-647. doi:10.1007/s40265-022-01701-7 | Cited in 1 |
| Gouliaev AH, Senning A. Piracetam and other structurally related nootropics. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 1994;19(2):180-222. doi:10.1016/0165-0173(94)90011-6 | Cited in 1 |
| Guo Y, Chen Y, Tan ZR, Klaassen CD, Zhou HH. Repeated administration of berberine inhibits cytochromes P450 in humans. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2012;68(2):213-7. doi:10.1007/s00228-011-1108-2 | Cited in 1 |
| Guo J, Chen H, Zhang X, et al. The effect of berberine on metabolic profiles in type 2 diabetic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2021;2021:2074610. doi:10.1155/2021/2074610 | Cited in 1 |
| Xie W, Su F, Wang G, et al. Glucose-lowering effect of berberine on type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022;13:1015045. doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.1015045 | Cited in 1 |
| Grimley Evans J, Malouf R, Huppert F, van Niekerk JK. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) supplementation for cognitive function in healthy elderly people. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006;(4):CD006221. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006221 | Cited in 1 |
| Leisegang K, Finelli R, Sikka SC, Panner Selvam MK. Eurycoma longifolia (Jack) improves serum total testosterone in men: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Medicina (Kaunas) 2022;58(8):1047. doi:10.3390/medicina58081047 | Cited in 1 |
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| Lee MS, Lee HW, You S, Ha KT. The use of maca (Lepidium meyenii) to improve semen quality: a systematic review. Maturitas 2016;92:64-69. doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.07.013 | Cited in 1 |
| Eghdami S, Eissazade N, Heidari Mokarar M, et al. The safety and efficacy of N-acetylcysteine as an augmentation in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Front Psychiatry 2024;15:1421150. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1421150 | Cited in 1 |
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| Mukai T, Kishi T, Matsuda Y, Iwata N. A meta-analysis of inositol for depression and anxiety disorders. Hum Psychopharmacol 2014;29(1):55-63. doi:10.1002/hup.2369 | Cited in 1 |
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| Wolbach AB, Isbell H, Miner EJ. Cross tolerance between mescaline and LSD-25, with a comparison of the mescaline and LSD reactions. Psychopharmacologia 1962;3:1–14. doi:10.1007/BF00413101 | Cited in 1 |
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